Volume 22, Issue 3 (JIAEEE Vol.22 No.3 2025)
Journal of Iranian Association of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2025, 22(3): 4-25 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Ziaei A, Ghazi R, Zeinali Davarani R. Analyzing the interaction effects of controllers loop in VSC-MTDC system integrating wind farms. Journal of Iranian Association of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2025; 22 (3) :4-25
URL: http://jiaeee.com/article-1-1764-en.html
URL: http://jiaeee.com/article-1-1764-en.html
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Abstract: (1881 Views)
The use of multi-terminal high voltage direct current transmission systems (MT-HVDC), has had a significant increase in the power transmission of high-capacity power plants, especially renewable power plants. In addition to the important advantages of MTDC systems based Voltage Source Converter (VSC-MTDC), the possibility of VSC-MTDC system controllers interaction with other controllers and network devices has become one of the main concerns. Therefore, in this paper, the possibility of interaction of the MTDC system based on VSC in connection with a wind farm based on DFIG generators is comprehensively investigated and the effect of control coefficients and network parameters on system stability is presented. The results of the eigenvalue analysis show that some system components such as the vector current controller of the VSC and HVDC transmission line impedance have a significant impact on the damping of the system modes. So the inaccurate design of the VSC-MTDC system can lead to the instability of system oscillations. For stable operation of the system, an optimal range of controller coefficients is provided.
Type of Article: Research |
Subject:
Power
Received: 2024/09/29 | Accepted: 2024/12/4 | Published: 2025/12/12
Received: 2024/09/29 | Accepted: 2024/12/4 | Published: 2025/12/12
References
1. [1] R. Z. Davarani, R. Ghazi, N. Pariz, Non-linear analysis of DFIG based wind farm in stressed power systems. IET Renewable Power Generation. 2014; 8(8): 867-877. [DOI:10.1049/iet-rpg.2013.0149]
2. [2] IRENA (2021), Renewable Energy Statistics 2021. The International Renewable Energy Agency, Abu Dhabi. https://www.irena.org/publications/2021/Aug/Renewable-energy-statistics-(Accessed on: 7 Feb, 2022).
3. [3] R. Shah, JC. Sanchez, R. Preece, M. Barnes, Stability and Control of Mixed AC-DC Systems with VSC-HVDC: A Review. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution. 2018;31(10): 2207-2219. [DOI:10.1049/iet-gtd.2017.1140]
4. [4] J. Arrillaga, High Voltage Direct Current Transmission. 2nd ed, IEE.1998 [DOI:10.1049/PBPO029E]
5. [5] H. Xiao, K. Sun, J. Pan, L. Xiao, C. Gan, Y. Liu,: Coordinated frequency regulation among asynchronous AC grids with an MTDC system. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 126, Part A, (2021) [DOI:10.1016/j.ijepes.2020.106604]
6. [6] EP. Araujo, FD. Bianchi, AJ. Ferré, OG. Bellmunt, Methodology for Droop Control Dynamic Analysis of Multiterminal VSC-HVDC Grids for Offshore Wind Farms. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.2011; 26(4): 2476-2485. [DOI:10.1109/TPWRD.2011.2144625]
7. [7] H. Xiao, K. Sun, J. Pan, Y. Li, Y. Liu, Review of hybrid HVDC Systems Combining Line Communicated Converter and Voltage Source Converter. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems. 2021; 129. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijepes.2020.106713]
8. [8] C. Guo, W. Liu, C. Zhao, Iravani RA. Frequency-Based Synchronization Approach for the VSC-HVDC Station Connected to a Weak AC Grid. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery. 2017; 32(3): 1460-1470. [DOI:10.1109/TPWRD.2016.2606495]
9. [9] J. Beerten, GB. Diaz, S. DAcro, JA. Suul, Identification and Small-Signal Analysis of Interaction Modes in VSC MTDC Systems. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems. 2015; 31(2): 888-897. [DOI:10.1109/TPWRD.2015.2467965]
10. [10] Y. Meng, H. Wang, Z. Duan, F. Jia, Z. Du, X. Wang, Small-signal Stability Analysis and Improvement with Phase-shift Phase-locked Loop Based on Back Electromotive Force Observer for VSC-HVDC in Weak Grids. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy. 2022; 11(9): 980-989. [DOI:10.35833/MPCE.2021.000417]
11. [11] Heidary Yazdi S S, Milimonfared J, Fathi S H. Unified Control Structure to Evaluate Grid Code Compatibility of HVDC Interfaced Offshore Wind Power Plant. Journal of Iranian Association of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2019; 16 (3) :87-100
12. [12] H. Xiao, Z. Xu, G. Tang, Y. Xue, Complete Mathematical Model Derivation for Modular Multilevel Converter Based on Successive Approximation Approach. IET Power Electron. 2015; 8(12): 2396-2410. [DOI:10.1049/iet-pel.2014.0892]
13. [13] F.D. Bianchia, J.L. Domínguez-Garcíaa, O. Gomis-Bellmunt, Control of Multi-Terminal HVDC Networks Towards Wind Power Integration: A Review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2016; 55: 1055-1068. [DOI:10.1016/j.rser.2015.11.024]
14. [14] O. Gomis-Bellmunta, J. Liangc, J. Ekanayakec, R. Kingc, N. Jenkins, Topologies of Multiterminal HVDC-VSC Transmission for large Offshore Wind farms. Electric Power Systems Research. 2011; 18(2): 271-281. [DOI:10.1016/j.epsr.2010.09.006]
15. [15] T. Tian, X. Kestelyn, O. Thomas, Normal Form based Analytical Investigation of Nonlinear Power System Dynamics under Excitation. IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting. 2017; 16-20. [DOI:10.1109/PESGM.2017.8273920]
16. [16] A. Zheng, C. Guo, P. Cui, et al. Comparative Study on Small-Signal Stability of LCC-HVDC System With Different Control Strategies at The Inverter Station. IEEE Access. 2019; 7: 34946-34953. [DOI:10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2904395]
17. [17] C. Guo, C. Zhao, R. Iravani, H. Ding, X. Wang, Impact of Phase-Locked Loop on Small-Signal Dynamics of The Line Commutated Converterbased High-Voltage Direct-Current Station. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution. 2017; 11(5): 1311-1318. [DOI:10.1049/iet-gtd.2016.1449]
18. [18] C. Guo, Z. Yin, C. Zhao, R. Iravani, Small-Signal Dynamics of Hybrid LCC-VSC HVDC Systems. Electrical Power & Energy Systems. 2018; 98: 362-372.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2017.12.010 [DOI:10.1016/j.ijepes.2017.12.009]
19. [19] C. Guo, A. Zheng, Z. Yin, C. Zhao, Small-Signal Stability of Hybrid Multi-Terminal HVDC System. Electrical Power & Energy Systems. 2019; 109: 434-443. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.02.031]
20. [20] C. Guo, Z. Yin, Y. Wang, et al. Investigation on Small-Signal Stability of Hybrid LCC-MMC HVDC System. Proceedings of the CSEE. 2019; 39(4): 1040-1052.
21. [21] Y. Wang, C. Zhao, R. Iravani, Small Signal Stability Investigation of the MMC-HVDC Grid. IEEE transactions on power delivery. 2022; 37(5): 4448-4459. [DOI:10.1109/TPWRD.2022.3172485]
22. [22] L.M. Castro, E. Acha, On the Dynamic Modeling of Marine VSC-HVDC Power Grids Including Offshore Wind Farms. IEEE transactions on sustainable energy, 2020; 11(4): 2889-2900. [DOI:10.1109/TSTE.2020.2980970]
23. [23] F. Ahmadloo, SP. Azad, Grid interaction of multi-VSC systems for renewable energy integration. IET Renewable Power Generation. 2023; 17(5): 1212-1223. [DOI:10.1049/rpg2.12676]
24. [24] F. Ahmadloo, SP. Azad, A Robust Controller Design for Mitigating Control Loop Interactions in Multi-VSC Systems Built by Multiple Vendors. IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM). 2022 July; 17-21. [DOI:10.1109/PESGM48719.2022.9917195]
25. [25] H. Li, Y. Sun, J. Lin, Z. Liu, Y. Liu, M. Su, Impedance Modeling, Measurement and Stability Analysis of Multi-VSC Systems in αβ Coordinate. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy. 2024; Early Access. [DOI:10.1109/TSTE.2024.3404490]
26. [26] S. Ruixin, Y. Songhao, H. Zhiguo, Stability Analysis of Sub-/Super-Synchronous Oscillation Based on Closed-Loop Transfer Function Poles of D-PMSG Wind Power Systems. IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering. 2022; 17(9): 1267-1275. [DOI:10.1002/tee.23618]
27. [27] Y. Xue, F. Ge, Z. Zhao, et al. Control Strategy for Hybrid LCC-C-MMC HVDC System Under AC Fault at Rectifier Side. The Journal of Engineering (IET), 2019; 16: 3259-3263. [DOI:10.1049/joe.2018.8705]
28. [28] D. Xing, J. Su, D. Hu, et al. Solution to Reduce Voltage Stress of Submodule in LCC-MMC Transmission System at The Condition of Communication Fault. The Journal of Engineering (IET). 2019; 16: 1873-1876. [DOI:10.1049/joe.2018.8744]
29. [29] D. Dimitropoulos, X. Wang, F. Blaabjerg, Stability Analysis in Multi-VSC (Voltage Source Converter) Systems of Wind Turbines. Applied sciences. 2024; 14(8). [DOI:10.3390/app14083519]
30. [30] P. Zuowei, Y. Zhun, L. Xiuting, L. Yefeng, Y. Tao, Deep Koopman model predictive control for enhancing transient stability in power grids. Int J Robust Nonlinear Control. 2021, 31(6): 1964-1978. [DOI:10.1002/rnc.5043]
31. [31] C. Guo, J. Zhang, S. Yang, H. Li, C. Fu, A Modified Dynamic Model and Small-Signal Stability Analysis for LCC-HVDC System. CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems. 2022; 1-9 (Early Access).
32. [32] Golpîra H, Bevrani H. A New Measurement-Based Approach for Power System Small Signal stability and Voltage Regulation Enhancement . Journal of Iranian Association of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2019; 16 (3) :61-72
33. [33] A. Ziaei, R. Ghazi, RZ. Davarani, Interaction Analysis of Multi-terminal Direct Current Transmission Systems Connected to Wind Farm: Determining the Optimal Range of Controller Coefficients. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering. 2024:1-29. [DOI:10.1007/s13369-024-08966-y]
34. [34] X. Zhang, J. Bai, G. Cao, C. Chen, Optimizing HVDC Control Parameters in Multi-Infeed HVDC System Based on Electromagnetic Transient Analysis. Electrical Power and Energy Systems. 2013; 49: 449-454. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijepes.2013.02.005]
35. [35] C. Guoy, W. Liu, C. Zhao, X. Ni, Small-Signal Dynamics and Control Parameters Optimization of Hybrid Multiinfeed HVDC System. Electrical Power and Energy Systems. 2019; 98: 409-418. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijepes.2017.12.009]
36. [36] C. Guo, P. Cui, C. Zhao, Optimization and Configuration of Control Parameters to Enhance Small-signal Stability of Hybrid LCC-MMC HVDC System. journal of modern power systems and clean energy. 2022; 10(1): 213-221. [DOI:10.35833/MPCE.2020.000354]
37. [37] T. Huang, F. Yang, D. Zhang, X. Chen, High-Frequency Stability Analysis and Impedance Optimization for an MMC-HVDC Integrated System Considering Delay Effects. IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems. 2022; 12(1): 59-72. [DOI:10.1109/JETCAS.2022.3147197]
38. [38] T. Huang, T. Cao, Z. Ran, B. Wang, Q. Liu, Parameter Optimization Method of MMC Controls Based on Firefly Algorithm. Paper presented at the IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia). 2019 May; 21-24. [DOI:10.1109/ISGT-Asia.2019.8881551]
39. [39] HY. Mahmoud, HM. Hasanien, AH. Besheer, AY. Abdelaziz, Hybrid Cuckoo Search Algorithm and Grey Wolf Optimiser-Based Optimal Control Strategy for Performance Enhancement of HVDC-Based Offshore Wind Farms. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution. 2020; 14(10): 1902-1911. [DOI:10.1049/iet-gtd.2019.0801]
40. [40] A. Ahmad, SAR. Kashif, et al. Controller Parameters Optimization for Multi-Terminal DC Power System Using Ant Colony Optimization. IEEE Access. 2021; 9, 59910-59919. [DOI:10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3073491]
41. [41] NA. Mohamed, HM. Hasanien, EA. Al-Ammar, MT. Véliz, RA. Turky, F. Jurado, AO. Badr, Gorilla Tropical Optimization Algorithm Solution for Performance Enhancement of Offshore Wind Farm. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution. 2023; 17(10): 2388-2400. [DOI:10.1049/gtd2.12814]
42. [42] A. Raza, X. Dianguot, S. Sunwen, L. Wiexing, Modeling and Control of Multi Terminal VSC HVDC Transmission System For Integrating Large Offshore Wind Farms. 17th IEEE International Multi Topic Conference. 2014. [DOI:10.1109/INMIC.2014.7097385]
43. [43] M. Khenara, J. Adabia, E. Pouresmaeil, A. Gholamiana, J.P.S. Catalão, A Control Strategy for A Multi-Terminal HVDC Network Integrating Wind Farms to The AC Grid. International Journal of Electrical Power & Eneergy Systems. 2017; 89: 146-155. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijepes.2017.01.025]
44. [44] R. Billinton, C. Wu, G. Singh, Extreme Adverse Weather Modeling in Transmission and Distribution System Reliability Evaluation. 14th Power Systems Computation Conference, 2002; 24-28.
45. [45] D.M. Wrad, The Effect of Weather on Grid Systems and The Reliability of Electricity Supply. Springer Science. 2013; 121, 103-113. [DOI:10.1007/s10584-013-0916-z]
46. [46] https://marketscale.com/industries/building-management/ how-does-weather-affect-the-electrical-grid.
47. [47] Pulgar-Painemal HA. Wind Farm Model for Power System Stability Analysis. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Illinoise at Urbana-Champaign. 2010.
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This Journal is an open access Journal Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. (CC BY NC 4.0) |
