Volume 23, Issue 3 (JIAEEE Vol.23 No.3 2026)                   Journal of Iranian Association of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2026, 23(3): 0-0 | Back to browse issues page

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Zarei A, Karimi H, Heydarian Foroshani E. A Comprehensive Review of Multi-Carrier Energy System Management Considering Demand Response Programs. Journal of Iranian Association of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2026; 23 (3)
URL: http://jiaeee.com/article-1-1784-en.html
A Comprehensive Review of Multi-Carrier Energy System Management Considering Demand Response Programs
Alireza Zarei , Hamid Karimi , Ehsan Heydarian Foroshani *
Qom University of Technology
Abstract:   (15 Views)
Multi-carrier energy systems integrate various energy sectors such as electricity, gas, heating, and cooling to offer significant potential for optimizing energy consumption, reducing costs, and advancing environmental sustainability. Demand response as a strategic approach can manage energy consumption and plays a pivotal role in enhancing grid flexibility and stability. This paper presents a comprehensive review of multi-carrier system design, with a particular emphasis on demand response programs. The structure, optimization techniques, demand response frameworks (both price-based and incentive-based), and the related uncertainties, including demand fluctuations, renewable energy variability, and energy price volatility are studied in this paper. The findings emphasize that integrating demand response not only reduces costs and improves efficiency but also enhances system stability and mitigates peak demand challenges. By identifying research gaps and proposing promising avenues for future investigation, this paper highlights the critical role of demand response in the development of sustainable energy systems.
Keywords: Multi-carrier energy systems, demand response programs, renewable energy sources, energy manaement.
     
Type of Article: Review | Subject: Power
Received: 2025/01/4 | Accepted: 2026/07/31
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