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To utilize Ka-band frequency spectrum, has extensive applications in satellite communication and various radars implementation. Also, a portion of the frequency spectra required for implementation of fifth generation mobile telecommunication networks (5G) is laid into this frequency band. On the other hand, many mentioned applications, requires the achievement to radiation beam with precise steering capability in a narrow region of solid angles. This feature is achievable by utilizing the narrow beam-width antennas. Array antennas, besides providing the demanded gain, can fulfill such requirement. Also, the beam-width can be tunable in an acceptable range of different directions. Such a tunability can be realized using the phased array antennas. The capability of change in maximum direction (main lobe) of these antennas is provided using the active phase shifting components as feeding elements of the phased arrays, such as PIN diodes and ferrite devices. However, employing the passive Butler matrix components is considered as simpler and cheaper tool to realize the approach. To use the Butler matrix as feed of the antennas, with more input-output ports, leads to narrower beam-width. In this paper, after a brief review on Butler matrix structures principles, a simple design of 32×32 Butler matrix for Ka-band frequency spectrum is proposed, and the simulation results of its performance are presented. After applying the appropriate waves to two specific input ports and connecting the Butler matrix structure to the microstrip array, the beam-width of 3.5 degrees is obtained.

Keywords: 5G, Antenna, Butler matrix, Phased array antenna, Microstrip, Radar.

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